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4Timing Machine Learning

Equity · Stocks · Started Sep 2015

hypothetical · Annual Return (Compounded)
6.5%
Max Drawdown
18.4%
Trades
4583
Win Trades
55.2%
Profit Factor
1.50
Win Months
65.9%

About this strategy

We have been using a pattern-recognition machine learning model since July 2016, well before the advent of LLM-based AI. The model is continuously updated through supervised training that now includes thousands of events, enabling it to build a library used to screen for equities with a higher probability of outperforming.
The model also incorporates a stop-loss rule and a volatility-based sub-model which, in exceptional situations such as the onset of COVID in early 2020, can suspend trading activity. That said, machine learning models can struggle precisely because they are trained on historical data when confronted with truly exceptional events—such as an individual bankruptcy (an idiosyncratic event) or a market-wide shock (a systemic event).
When the model exits the market, it moves into cash. Before December 2025, uninvested money was simply left in the account; only from December 2025 onward will it be allocated to short-term government instruments, such as the BIL ETF. Therefore, the results from 2015 to 2025 did not benefit from any yield-bearing cash parking. On C2, cash is not remunerated.

Short-term Reversal

Hypothetical Monthly Returns (includes fees/commissions)

YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYTD
2015-3.32.51.60.20.9
2016-4.2-0.13.7-3.6-1.0-8.70.50.71.10.01.1-0.8-11.4
20171.50.51.00.11.21.31.5-0.30.22.51.10.612.0
20181.6-2.3-1.60.80.40.20.41.2-0.3-4.00.6-0.0-3.1
2019-0.0-0.0-0.0-0.1-2.02.5-0.50.61.1-0.02.21.55.3
2020-1.41.7-0.00.92.81.90.20.50.3-0.63.00.810.5
20210.11.15.91.51.10.54.91.6-3.32.1-0.32.018.2
2022-1.7-0.90.7-1.0-0.4-4.33.8-1.7-1.11.24.60.4-0.8
20231.7-0.71.00.9-1.71.41.0-1.6-4.6-3.55.42.81.8
20241.81.41.2-3.32.4-0.44.11.50.8-1.38.3-2.015.1
20255.91.7-4.6-4.42.53.80.91.90.30.83.90.613.5
20264.23.3-4.71.40.82.43.22.313.4

Statistics

Overview

Strategy began9/8/2015
Suggested Minimum Capital$15,000
Age134 months
C2 Rank927
Rank at C2 %Top 7.3%
Rank ##49
What it tradesStocks
# Trades4583
# Profitable2528
% Profitable55.2%
Avg trade duration10.8 days
Max peak-to-valley drawdown18.4%
drawdown periodMarch 03, 2025 - May 19, 2025
Annual Return (Compounded)6.5%
Avg win$95
Avg loss$84

Ratios

W:L ratio1.52
Sharpe Ratio0.52
Sortino Ratio0.74
Calmar Ratio0.51

CORRELATION STATISTICS

Correlation to SP5000.37
Return Percent SP500 (cumu) during strategy life289.2%
Return of Strat Pcnt - Return of SP500 Pcnt (cumu)-190.4%

Return Statistics

Ann Return (w trading costs)6.5%
Return Pcnt (Compound or Annual, age-based, NFA compliant)0.1%
Return Pcnt Since TOS Status0.0%
Ann Return (Compnd, No Fees)7.0%

Slump

Current Slump as Pcnt Equity1.1%
Current Slump, time of slump as pcnt of strategy life0.0%

Instruments

Percent Trades Forex0.0%
Percent Trades Futures0.0%
Percent Trades Options0.0%
Short Options - Percent Covered100.0%
Percent Trades Stocks1.0%

Risk of Ruin (Monte-Carlo)

Chance of 10% account loss43.5%
Chance of 20% account loss17.5%
Chance of 30% account loss5.5%
Chance of 40% account loss0.0%
Chance of 50% account loss0.0%
Chance of 60% account loss (Monte Carlo)0.0%
Chance of 70% account loss (Monte Carlo)0.0%
Chance of 80% account loss (Monte Carlo)0.0%
Chance of 90% account loss (Monte Carlo)0.0%

Automation

Percentage Signals Automated0.0%

Popularity

Popularity (Today)682
Popularity (Last 6 weeks)898
C2 Score927
Popularity (7 days, Percentile 1000 scale)781

Trading Style

Any stock shorts? 0/11

Trades-Own-System Certification

Trades Own System?0
TOS percent0.0%

Win / Loss

Avg Loss$84
Avg Win$95
# Winners2528
Sum Trade PL (losers)$172,838
Sum Trade PL (winners)$240,816
Num Months Winners88
# Losers2055
% Winners55.2%

Dividends

Dividends Received in Model Acct11240

Age

Num Months filled monthly returns table132

Frequency

Avg Position Time (mins)19851.02
Avg Position Time (hrs)330.85
Avg Trade Length13.80
Last Trade Ago1

Leverage

Daily leverage (average)0.58
Daily leverage (max)2.10

Regression

Alpha0.01
Beta0.15
Treynor Index0.08

Maximum Adverse Excursion (MAE)

MAE:Equity, average, all trades0
MAE:Equity, 95th Percentile Value for this strat0
MAE:Equity, average, losing trades0
MAE:Equity, losing trades only, 95th Percentile Value for this strat
MAE:Equity, average, winning trades0
MAE:Equity, win trades only, 95th Percentile Value for this strat
Avg(MAE) / Avg(PL) - All trades6.84
MAE:PL (avg, all trades)-0.35
MAE:PL (avg, losing trades)
MAE:PL - Losing Trades - this strat Percentile of All Strats82.99
MAE:PL - Winning Trades - this strat Percentile of All Strats77.21
MAE:PL (avg, winning trades)
MAE:PL - worst single value for strategy
Avg(MAE) / Avg(PL) - Winning trades0.49
Avg(MAE) / Avg(PL) - Losing trades-1.33
Hold-and-Hope Ratio0.15

RATIO STATISTICS

Mean0.04
SD0.08
Sharpe ratio (Glass type estimate)0.55
Sharpe ratio (Hedges UMVUE)0.54
df128
t1.80
p0.42
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio-0.05
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio1.15
Lowerbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation-0.06
Upperbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation1.15
Sortino ratio0.81
Upside Potential Ratio2.31
Upside part of mean0.12
Downside part of mean-0.08
Upside SD0.06
Downside SD0.05
N nonnegative terms84
N negative terms45
N of observations129
Mean of predictor0.11
Mean of criterion0.04
SD of predictor0.16
SD of criterion0.08
Covariance0.01
r0.53
b (slope, estimate of beta)0.26
a (intercept, estimate of alpha)0.01
Mean Square Error0.00
DF error127
t(b)7.01
p(b)0.18
t(a)0.72
p(a)0.46
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.19
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.33
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha-0.03
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha0.06
Treynor index (mean / b)0.17
Jensen alpha (a)0.01
Mean0.04
SD0.08
Sharpe ratio (Glass type estimate)0.51
Sharpe ratio (Hedges UMVUE)0.50
df128
t1.66
p0.43
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio-0.09
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio1.11
Lowerbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation-0.10
Upperbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation1.11
Sortino ratio0.73
Upside Potential Ratio2.23
Upside part of mean0.12
Downside part of mean-0.08
Upside SD0.06
Downside SD0.05
N nonnegative terms84
N negative terms45
N of observations129
Mean of predictor0.09
Mean of criterion0.04
SD of predictor0.16
SD of criterion0.08
Covariance0.01
r0.53
b (slope, estimate of beta)0.26
a (intercept, estimate of alpha)0.02
Mean Square Error0.00
DF error127
t(b)7.00
p(b)0.18
t(a)0.74
p(a)0.46
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.18
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.33
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha-0.03
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha0.06
Treynor index (mean / b)0.15
Jensen alpha (a)0.02
VaR(95%)0.03
Expected Shortfall on VaR0.04
VaR(95%)0.01
Expected Shortfall on VaR0.03
Mean0.04
SD0.07
Sharpe ratio (Glass type estimate)0.62
Sharpe ratio (Hedges UMVUE)0.62
df2836
t2.04
p0.02
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio0.02
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio1.22
Lowerbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation0.02
Upperbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation1.22
Sortino ratio0.87
Upside Potential Ratio6.97
Upside part of mean0.34
Downside part of mean-0.30
Upside SD0.05
Downside SD0.05
N nonnegative terms1428
N negative terms1409
N of observations2837
Mean of predictor0.11
Mean of criterion0.04
SD of predictor0.18
SD of criterion0.07
Covariance0.00
r0.39
b (slope, estimate of beta)0.15
a (intercept, estimate of alpha)0.03
Mean Square Error0.00
DF error2835
t(b)22.30
p(b)0
t(a)1.33
p(a)0.09
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.14
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.16
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha-0.01
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha0.06
Treynor index (mean / b)0.29
Jensen alpha (a)0.03
Mean0.04
SD0.07
Sharpe ratio (Glass type estimate)0.58
Sharpe ratio (Hedges UMVUE)0.58
df2836
t1.92
p0.03
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio-0.01
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio1.18
Lowerbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation-0.01
Upperbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation1.18
Sortino ratio0.82
Upside Potential Ratio6.89
Upside part of mean0.34
Downside part of mean-0.30
Upside SD0.05
Downside SD0.05
N nonnegative terms1428
N negative terms1409
N of observations2837
Mean of predictor0.10
Mean of criterion0.04
SD of predictor0.18
SD of criterion0.07
Covariance0.00
r0.39
b (slope, estimate of beta)0.15
a (intercept, estimate of alpha)0.03
Mean Square Error0.00
DF error2835
t(b)22.32
p(b)0
t(a)1.33
p(a)0.09
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.14
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.16
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha-0.01
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha0.06
Treynor index (mean / b)0.27
Jensen alpha (a)0.03
VaR(95%)0.01
Expected Shortfall on VaR0.01
VaR(95%)0.00
Expected Shortfall on VaR0.01
Mean0.10
SD0.07
Sharpe ratio (Glass type estimate)1.55
Sharpe ratio (Hedges UMVUE)1.54
df130
t1.10
p0.45
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio-1.23
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio4.33
Lowerbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation-1.24
Upperbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation4.32
Sortino ratio2.40
Upside Potential Ratio10.65
Upside part of mean0.45
Downside part of mean-0.35
Upside SD0.05
Downside SD0.04
N nonnegative terms71
N negative terms60
N of observations131
Mean of predictor0.20
Mean of criterion0.10
SD of predictor0.14
SD of criterion0.07
Covariance0.00
r0.31
b (slope, estimate of beta)0.15
a (intercept, estimate of alpha)0.07
Mean Square Error0.00
DF error129
t(b)3.77
p(b)0.30
t(a)0.82
p(a)0.45
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.07
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.22
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha-0.10
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha0.25
Treynor index (mean / b)0.69
Jensen alpha (a)0.07
Mean0.10
SD0.07
Sharpe ratio (Glass type estimate)1.52
Sharpe ratio (Hedges UMVUE)1.51
df130
t1.07
p0.45
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio-1.26
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for Sharpe Ratio4.29
Lowerbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation-1.27
Upperbound of 95% CI (Gibbons, Hedeker & Davis approximation4.29
Sortino ratio2.34
Upside Potential Ratio10.58
Upside part of mean0.45
Downside part of mean-0.35
Upside SD0.05
Downside SD0.04
N nonnegative terms71
N negative terms60
N of observations131
Mean of predictor0.19
Mean of criterion0.10
SD of predictor0.14
SD of criterion0.07
Covariance0.00
r0.32
b (slope, estimate of beta)0.15
a (intercept, estimate of alpha)0.07
Mean Square Error0.00
DF error129
t(b)3.77
p(b)0.30
t(a)0.81
p(a)0.45
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.07
VAR (95 Confidence Intrvl)0.01
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for beta0.22
Lowerbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha-0.10
Upperbound of 95% confidence interval for alpha0.25
Treynor index (mean / b)0.67
Jensen alpha (a)0.07
VaR(95%)0.01
Expected Shortfall on VaR0.01
VaR(95%)0.00
Expected Shortfall on VaR0.01

ORDER STATISTICS

Number of observations129
Minimum0.94
Quartile 11.00
Median1.01
Quartile 31.02
Maximum1.07
Mean of quarter 10.98
Mean of quarter 21.00
Mean of quarter 31.01
Mean of quarter 41.03
Inter Quartile Range0.02
Number outliers low12
Percentage of outliers low0.09
Mean of outliers low0.96
Number of outliers high3
Percentage of outliers high0.02
Mean of outliers high1.06
Extreme Value Index (moments method)-0.04
VaR(95%) (moments method)0.01
Expected Shortfall (moments method)0.01
Extreme Value Index (regression method)-0.34
VaR(95%) (regression method)0.02
Expected Shortfall (regression method)0.03
Number of observations2837
Minimum0.95
Quartile 11.00
Median1.00
Quartile 31.00
Maximum1.04
Mean of quarter 11.00
Mean of quarter 21.00
Mean of quarter 31.00
Mean of quarter 41.00
Inter Quartile Range0.00
Number outliers low174
Percentage of outliers low0.06
Mean of outliers low0.99
Number of outliers high176
Percentage of outliers high0.06
Mean of outliers high1.01
Extreme Value Index (moments method)0.54
VaR(95%) (moments method)0.00
Expected Shortfall (moments method)0.01
Extreme Value Index (regression method)0.32
VaR(95%) (regression method)0.00
Expected Shortfall (regression method)0.01
Number of observations131
Minimum0.99
Quartile 11.00
Median1.00
Quartile 31.00
Maximum1.01
Mean of quarter 11.00
Mean of quarter 21.00
Mean of quarter 31.00
Mean of quarter 41.01
Inter Quartile Range0.00
Number outliers low1
Percentage of outliers low0.01
Mean of outliers low0.99
Number of outliers high2
Percentage of outliers high0.02
Mean of outliers high1.01
Extreme Value Index (moments method)0.16
VaR(95%) (moments method)0.00
Expected Shortfall (moments method)0.01
Extreme Value Index (regression method)-0.06
VaR(95%) (regression method)0.00
Expected Shortfall (regression method)0.01

DRAW DOWN STATISTICS

Number of observations15
Minimum0.00
Quartile 10.01
Median0.04
Quartile 30.07
Maximum0.13
Mean of quarter 10.01
Mean of quarter 20.02
Mean of quarter 30.05
Mean of quarter 40.09
Inter Quartile Range0.05
Number outliers low0
Percentage of outliers low0
Mean of outliers low0
Number of outliers high0
Percentage of outliers high0
Mean of outliers high0
Extreme Value Index (moments method)0.20
VaR(95%) (moments method)0.10
Expected Shortfall (moments method)0.13
Extreme Value Index (regression method)1.47
VaR(95%) (regression method)0.10
Expected Shortfall (regression method)0
Number of observations123
Minimum0.00
Quartile 10.00
Median0.00
Quartile 30.01
Maximum0.14
Mean of quarter 10.00
Mean of quarter 20.00
Mean of quarter 30.01
Mean of quarter 40.04
Inter Quartile Range0.01
Number outliers low0
Percentage of outliers low0
Mean of outliers low0
Number of outliers high15
Percentage of outliers high0.12
Mean of outliers high0.06
Extreme Value Index (moments method)0.65
VaR(95%) (moments method)0.04
Expected Shortfall (moments method)0.12
Extreme Value Index (regression method)0.51
VaR(95%) (regression method)0.04
Expected Shortfall (regression method)0.09
Number of observations11
Minimum0.00
Quartile 10.00
Median0.01
Quartile 30.01
Maximum0.05
Mean of quarter 10.00
Mean of quarter 20.00
Mean of quarter 30.01
Mean of quarter 40.02
Inter Quartile Range0.01
Number outliers low0
Percentage of outliers low0
Mean of outliers low0
Number of outliers high1
Percentage of outliers high0.09
Mean of outliers high0.05
Extreme Value Index (moments method)0.20
VaR(95%) (moments method)0.02
Expected Shortfall (moments method)0.04
Extreme Value Index (regression method)1.96
VaR(95%) (regression method)0.05
Expected Shortfall (regression method)0
Strat Max DD how much worse than SP500 max DD during strat life?-388311552
Max Equity Drawdown (num days)77
Last 4 Months - Pcnt Negative0.0%

COMBINED STATISTICS

Annualized return (arithmetic extrapolation)0.10
Compounded annual return (geometric extrapolation)0.07
Calmar ratio (compounded annual return / max draw down)0.54
Compounded annual return / average of 25% largest draw downs0.75
Compounded annual return / Expected Shortfall lognormal1.66
j156mfCOMBRisPar0
j157mfCOMBRisPar0
Annualized return (arithmetic extrapolation)0.10
Compounded annual return (geometric extrapolation)0.07
Calmar ratio (compounded annual return / max draw down)0.51
Compounded annual return / average of 25% largest draw downs1.94
Compounded annual return / Expected Shortfall lognormal8.19
j313dfCOMBRisPar0
j314dfCOMBRisPar0
Annualized return (arithmetic extrapolation)0.13
Compounded annual return (geometric extrapolation)0.14
Calmar ratio (compounded annual return / max draw down)2.96
Compounded annual return / average of 25% largest draw downs5.97
Compounded annual return / Expected Shortfall lognormal17.14

Trading record

SymbolSideQtyOpenedClosedP/L
SO long63Jul 20, 2026Aug 24, 2026($424)
TMO long10Aug 19, 2026Aug 20, 2026$147
MRK long49Jul 13, 2026Aug 20, 2026$1,332
PM long32Aug 4, 2026Aug 18, 2026$32
CVX long32Aug 6, 2026Aug 18, 2026$513
ABBV long25Aug 4, 2026Aug 12, 2026($20)
DUK long47Jul 28, 2026Aug 11, 2026($404)
T long253Aug 7, 2026Aug 10, 2026$15
PYPL long103Aug 6, 2026Aug 7, 2026$142
UNP long21Aug 4, 2026Aug 5, 2026$120
QCOM long35Jul 17, 2026Aug 5, 2026($188)
GS long12Jun 30, 2026Aug 5, 2026$605
C long46Jul 17, 2026Aug 5, 2026$360
MS long58Jun 30, 2026Aug 3, 2026$154
INTC long62Jul 17, 2026Aug 3, 2026($233)
AMD long14Jul 30, 2026Aug 3, 2026$25
KHC long234Jul 27, 2026Jul 29, 2026$353
GE long16Jul 8, 2026Jul 29, 2026$41
SCHW long2Jul 16, 2026Jul 29, 2026$5
JNJ long23Jul 13, 2026Jul 24, 2026$80
ABBV long24Jul 14, 2026Jul 17, 2026$264
INTC long54Jul 8, 2026Jul 16, 2026($388)
C long43Jul 1, 2026Jul 13, 2026$36
QCOM long30Jun 25, 2026Jul 9, 2026($1,324)
AVGO long16Jul 1, 2026Jul 9, 2026$474
AAPL long20Jun 25, 2026Jul 1, 2026$121
FDX long19Jun 25, 2026Jun 30, 2026$105
AMZN long26Jun 23, 2026Jun 30, 2026$124
LLY long1Jun 22, 2026Jun 29, 2026$111

Past results are not necessarily indicative of future results.

These results are based on simulated or hypothetical performance results that have certain inherent limitations. Unlike the results shown in an actual performance record, these results do not represent actual trading. Also, because these trades have not actually been executed, these results may have under-or over-compensated for the impact, if any, of certain market factors, such as lack of liquidity. Simulated or hypothetical trading programs in general are also subject to the fact that they are designed with the benefit of hindsight. No representation is being made that any account will or is likely to achieve profits or losses similar to these being shown.